1 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .TH KEYBOARD 7
3 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull keyboard \- how to type characters
4 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .SH DESCRIPTION
5 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Keyboards are idiosyncratic.
6 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull It should be obvious how to type ordinary
8 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull characters,
9 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull backspace, tab, escape, and newline.
10 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull In Plan 9, the key labeled
11 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .B Return
14 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull generates a newline
15 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .RB ( 0x0A );
16 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull if there is a key labeled
18 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .BR Feed ,
19 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull it generates a carriage return
20 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .RB ( 0x0D );
21 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Plan 9 eschews CRLFs.
22 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull All control characters are typed in the usual way;
23 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull in particular, control-J is a line feed and control-M a carriage return.
24 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" On the PC and some other machines, the key labeled
25 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" .B Caps
26 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" .B Lock
27 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" acts as an additional control key.
29 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" The delete character
30 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" .RB ( 0x7F )
31 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" may be generated by a different key,
32 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" one near the extreme upper right of the keyboard.
33 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" On the Next, it is the key labeled
35 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" (not the asterisk above the 8).
36 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" On the SLC and Sparcstation 2, delete is labeled
37 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" .B Num
38 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" .B Lock
39 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" (the key above
40 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" .B Backspace
41 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" labeled
42 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" .B Delete
43 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" functions as an additional backspace key).
44 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" On the other keyboards, the key labeled
45 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" .B Del
47 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" .B Delete
48 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .\" generates the delete character.
50 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull The down arrow,
52 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR 9term (1),
53 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR acme (1),
55 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR sam (1),
56 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull causes windows to scroll forward.
57 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull The up arrow scrolls backward.
59 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Characters in Plan 9 are runes (see
60 e5e159fd 2005-07-18 devnull .IR utf (7)).
61 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Any 16-bit rune can be typed using a compose key followed by several
62 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull other keys.
63 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull The compose key is also generally near the lower right of the main key area:
65 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .B NUM PAD
66 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull key on the Gnot, the
67 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .B Alternate
68 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull key on the Next, the
69 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .B Compose
70 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull key on the SLC, the
71 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .B Option
72 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull key on the Magnum, and either
74 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull key on the PC.
75 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull After typing the compose key, type a capital
77 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull and exactly four hexadecimal characters (digits and
81 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull to type a single rune with the value represented by
82 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull the typed number.
83 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull There are shorthands for many characters, comprising
84 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull the compose key followed by a two- or three-character sequence.
85 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull The full list is too long to repeat here, but is contained in the file
86 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .L \*9/lib/keyboard
87 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull in a format suitable for
88 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR grep (1)
90 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR look (1).
91 7ea23319 2011-01-02 rsc To add a sequence, edit that file and then rebuild
92 7ea23319 2011-01-02 rsc .IR devdraw (1).
94 7ea23319 2011-01-02 rsc There are several rules guiding the design of the sequences, as
95 7ea23319 2011-01-02 rsc illustrated by the following examples.
97 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull A repeated symbol gives a variant of that symbol, e.g.,
99 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields ¿\|.
101 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .SM ASCII
102 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull digraphs for mathematical operators give the corresponding operator, e.g.,
104 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields ≤.
106 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Two letters give the corresponding ligature, e.g.,
108 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields Æ.
110 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Mathematical and other symbols are given by abbreviations for their names, e.g.,
112 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields ¶.
114 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Chess pieces are given by a
118 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull followed by a letter for the piece
120 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull for king,
122 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull for queen,
124 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull for rook,
126 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull for knight,
128 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull for bishop, or
130 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull for pawn),
133 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull for a white king.
135 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Greek letters are given by an asterisk followed by a corresponding latin letter,
138 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields δ.
140 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Cyrillic letters are given by an at sign followed by a corresponding latin letter or letters,
143 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields я.
145 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Script letters are given by a dollar sign followed by the corresponding regular letter,
148 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields ℱ.
150 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull A digraph of a symbol followed by a letter gives the letter with an accent that looks like the symbol, e.g.,
152 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields ç.
154 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Two digits give the fraction with that numerator and denominator, e.g.,
156 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields ½.
158 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull The letter s followed by a character gives that character as a superscript, e.g.,
160 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields ⁱ.
161 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull These characters are taken from the Unicode block 0x2070; the 1, 2, and 3
162 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull superscripts in the Latin-1 block are available by using a capital S instead of s.
164 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Sometimes a pair of characters give a symbol related to the superimposition of the characters, e.g.,
166 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields ©.
168 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull A mnemonic letter followed by $ gives a currency symbol, e.g.,
170 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull yields £.
172 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull Note the difference between ß (ss) and µ (micron) and
173 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull the Greek β and μ.
174 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc .SS "X WINDOWS
175 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc Under X Windows, both the Alt key and the ``Multi key''
176 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc can begin a compose sequence in a Plan 9 program.
178 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc It is also possible to configure X Windows to use the
179 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc same keystroke mappings as the Plan 9 programs.
180 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc First, generate an XCompose sequence list by using
181 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc .IR mklatinkbd :
184 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc mklatinkbd -x $PLAN9/lib/keyboard >$HOME/.XCompose
187 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc Second, configure a ``Multi key'' by running
190 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc xmodmap -e 'keysym Super_L = Multi_key'
195 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc typically denotes the Windows key on recent keyboards.)
197 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc Third, set these environment variables so that GTK- and QT-based programs
198 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc will use the compose sequences:
201 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc export GTK_IM_MODULE=xim
202 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc export QT_IM_MODULE=xim
205 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc Finally, start a new GTK- or QT-based program:
208 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc gnome-terminal &
211 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc In that terminal, typing the key sequence
212 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc .RB ` Windows
215 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc should be interpreted as the Greek letter
218 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc If using the GNOME Window Manager, put the
222 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc commands into the file
223 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc .B $HOME/.gnomerc
224 b567422f 2011-01-02 rsc to run them automatically at startup.
225 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .SH FILES
227 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .B \*9/lib/keyboard
228 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull sorted table of characters and keyboard sequences
230 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .SH "SEE ALSO"
231 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR intro (1),
232 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR ascii (1),
233 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR tcs (1),
234 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR 9term (1),
235 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR acme (1),
236 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR sam (1),
237 83bab5af 2005-07-18 devnull .IR utf (7)
