1 .TH XD 1
2 .SH NAME
3 xd \- hex, octal, decimal, or ASCII dump
4 .SH SYNOPSIS
5 .B xd
6 [
7 .I option ...
8 ]
9 [
10 .BI - "format ...
11 ] [
12 .I file ...
13 ]
14 .SH DESCRIPTION
15 .I Xd
16 concatenates and dumps the
17 .I files
18 (standard input by default)
19 in one or more formats.
20 Groups of 16 bytes are printed in each of the named formats, one
21 format per line.
22 Each line of output is prefixed by its address (byte offset)
23 in the input file.
24 The first line of output for each group is zero-padded; subsequent are blank-padded.
25 .PP
26 Formats other than
27 .B -c
28 are specified by pairs of characters telling size and style,
29 .L 4x
30 by default.
31 The sizes are
32 .TP \w'2\ or\ w\ \ \ 'u
33 .BR 1 " or " b
34 1-byte units.
35 .PD0
36 .TP
37 .BR 2 " or " w
38 2-byte big-endian units.
39 .TP
40 .BR 4 " or " l
41 4-byte big-endian units.
42 .TP
43 .BR 8 " or " v
44 8-byte big-endian units.
45 .PD
46 .PP
47 The styles are
48 .TP 0
49 .B o
50 Octal.
51 .PD0
52 .TP
53 .B x
54 Hexadecimal.
55 .TP
56 .B d
57 Decimal.
58 .PD
59 .PP
60 Other options are
61 .TP \w'\fL-a\fIstyle\fLXX'u
62 .B -c
63 Format as
64 .B 1x
65 but print
66 .SM ASCII
67 representations or C escape sequences where possible.
68 .TP
69 .B -R
70 Format as
71 .B 1x
72 but print
73 .B Rune
74 representations or C escape sequences where possible.
75 .TP
76 .BI -a style
77 Print file addresses in the given style (and size 4).
78 .TP
79 .B -u
80 (Unbuffered) Flush the output buffer after each 16-byte sequence.
81 .TP
82 .B -s
83 Reverse (swab) the order of bytes in each group of 4 before printing.
84 .TP
85 .B -S
86 Reverse the order of bytes in each group of 8 before printing.
87 .TP
88 .B -r
89 Print repeating groups of identical 16-byte sequences as the first group
90 followed by an asterisk.
91 .SH SOURCE
92 .B \*9/src/cmd/xd.c
93 .SH "SEE ALSO"
94 .MR db (1)
95 .SH BUGS
96 The various output formats don't line up properly in the output of
97 .IR xd .