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date: Mon Jul 18 22:47:21 2005 UTC

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+.TH KEYBOARD 7
+.SH NAME
+keyboard \- how to type characters
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+Keyboards are idiosyncratic.
+It should be obvious how to type ordinary
+.SM ASCII
+characters,
+backspace, tab, escape, and newline.
+In Plan 9, the key labeled
+.B Return
+or
+.B Enter
+generates a newline
+.RB ( 0x0A );
+if there is a key labeled
+.B Line
+.BR Feed ,
+it generates a carriage return
+.RB ( 0x0D );
+Plan 9 eschews CRLFs.
+All control characters are typed in the usual way;
+in particular, control-J is a line feed and control-M a carriage return.
+.\" On the PC and some other machines, the key labeled
+.\" .B Caps
+.\" .B Lock
+.\" acts as an additional control key.
+.\" .PP
+.\" The delete character
+.\" .RB ( 0x7F )
+.\" may be generated by a different key,
+.\" one near the extreme upper right of the keyboard.
+.\" On the Next, it is the key labeled
+.\" .L *
+.\" (not the asterisk above the 8).
+.\" On the SLC and Sparcstation 2, delete is labeled
+.\" .B Num
+.\" .B Lock
+.\" (the key above
+.\" .B Backspace
+.\" labeled
+.\" .B Delete
+.\" functions as an additional backspace key).
+.\" On the other keyboards, the key labeled
+.\" .B Del
+.\" or
+.\" .B Delete
+.\" generates the delete character.
+.PP
+The down arrow,
+used by
+.IR 9term (1),
+.IR acme (1),
+and
+.IR sam (1),
+causes windows to scroll forward.
+The up arrow scrolls backward.
+.PP
+Characters in Plan 9 are runes (see
+.IR utf (6)).
+Any 16-bit rune can be typed using a compose key followed by several
+other keys.
+The compose key is also generally near the lower right of the main key area:
+the
+.B NUM PAD
+key on the Gnot, the
+.B Alternate
+key on the Next, the
+.B Compose
+key on the SLC, the
+.B Option
+key on the Magnum, and either
+.B Alt
+key on the PC.
+After typing the compose key, type a capital
+.L X
+and exactly four hexadecimal characters (digits and
+.L a
+to
+.LR f )
+to type a single rune with the value represented by
+the typed number.
+There are shorthands for many characters, comprising
+the compose key followed by a two- or three-character sequence.
+There are several rules guiding the design of the sequences, as
+illustrated by the following examples.
+The full list is too long to repeat here, but is contained in the file
+.L \*9/lib/keyboard
+in a format suitable for
+.IR grep (1)
+or
+.IR look (1).
+.IP
+A repeated symbol gives a variant of that symbol, e.g.,
+.B ??
+yields ¿\|.
+.IP
+.SM ASCII
+digraphs for mathematical operators give the corresponding operator, e.g.,
+.B <=
+yields ≤.
+.IP
+Two letters give the corresponding ligature, e.g.,
+.B AE
+yields Æ.
+.IP
+Mathematical and other symbols are given by abbreviations for their names, e.g.,
+.B pg
+yields ¶.
+.IP
+Chess pieces are given by a
+.B w
+or
+.B b
+followed by a letter for the piece
+.RB ( k
+for king,
+.B q
+for queen,
+.B r
+for rook,
+.B n
+for knight,
+.B b
+for bishop, or
+.B p
+for pawn),
+e.g.,
+.B wk
+for a white king.
+.IP
+Greek letters are given by an asterisk followed by a corresponding latin letter,
+e.g.,
+.B *d
+yields δ.
+.IP
+Cyrillic letters are given by an at sign followed by a corresponding latin letter or letters,
+e.g.,
+.B @ya
+yields я.
+.IP
+Script letters are given by a dollar sign followed by the corresponding regular letter,
+e.g.,
+.B $F
+yields ℱ.
+.IP
+A digraph of a symbol followed by a letter gives the letter with an accent that looks like the symbol, e.g.,
+.B ,c
+yields ç.
+.IP
+Two digits give the fraction with that numerator and denominator, e.g.,
+.B 12
+yields ½.
+.IP
+The letter s followed by a character gives that character as a superscript, e.g.,
+.B s1
+yields ⁱ.
+These characters are taken from the Unicode block 0x2070; the 1, 2, and 3
+superscripts in the Latin-1 block are available by using a capital S instead of s.
+.IP
+Sometimes a pair of characters give a symbol related to the superimposition of the characters, e.g.,
+.B cO
+yields ©.
+.IP
+A mnemonic letter followed by $ gives a currency symbol, e.g.,
+.B l$
+yields £.
+.PP
+Note the difference between ß (ss) and µ (micron) and
+the Greek β and μ.
+.SH FILES
+.TP
+.B \*9/lib/keyboard
+sorted table of characters and keyboard sequences
+.PD
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.IR intro (1),
+.IR ascii (1),
+.IR tcs (1),
+.IR 9term (1),
+.IR acme (1),
+.IR sam (1),
+.IR utf (7)