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124 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       <nav>
125 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op         <a href="/">Home</a> |
126 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op         <a href="contrib.html">contrib</a> |
127 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op         Quickstart |
128 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op         <a href="gmid.1.html">docs</a>
129 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       </nav>
130 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </header>
131 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <h1>gmid quickstart</h1>
132 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>gmid can be run in two different “modes”:</p>
133 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <dl>
134 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       <dt>configless:</dt>
135 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       <dd>
136 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op         a quick way to serve a directory tree from the shell, useful
137 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op         for testing a capsule before uploading it
138 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       </dd>
139 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       <dt>daemon mode:</dt>
140 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       <dd>
141 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op         gmid reads the configuration file and runs in the background
142 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       </dd>
143 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </dl>
144 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>To run gmid in the “configless” mode, just type:</p>
145 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <pre>$ gmid path/to/dir</pre>
146 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
147 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       gmid will then generate a certificate inside ~/.local/share/gmid
148 540d05de 2021-10-09 op       and serve the given directory locally.
149 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
150 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
151 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       To run gmid in daemon mode a configuration file is needed.  The
152 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       format of the configuration file is described in the manpage and
153 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       is quite flexible, but for simple setup something like the
154 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       following should be enough:
155 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
156 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <pre># /etc/gmid.conf
157 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 
158 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op server "example.com" {
159 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 	cert "/path/to/certificate"
160 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 	key  "/path/to/private-key"
161 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 	root "/var/gemini/example.com"
162 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op }</pre>
163 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
164 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       A X.509 (TLS) certificate can be generated using
165 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       <a href="https://git.omarpolo.com/gmid/tree/contrib/gencert">contrib/gencert</a>:
166 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
167 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <pre>$ ./contrib/gencert example.com
168 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op Generating a 4096 bit RSA private key
169 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op .................................................++++
170 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op ..........++++
171 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op writing new private key to './example.com.key'
172 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op -----
173 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 
174 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op Generated files:
175 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op         ./example.com.pem : certificate
176 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op         ./example.com.key : private key</pre>
177 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
178 35340c9f 2021-10-09 op       Optionally, move ‘example.com.pem’ and ‘example.com.key’ to
179 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       another location.
180 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
181 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
182 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       Make sure that the ‘cert’ and ‘key’ options in the configuration
183 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       file points to these files.
184 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
185 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>Then running gmid is as easy as</p>
186 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <pre>$ gmid -c /etc/gmid.conf</pre>
187 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <h2>Securing your gmid installation</h2>
188 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
189 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       gmid employs various techniques to prevent the damage caused by
190 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       bugs, but some steps needs to be done manually.
191 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
192 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
193 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       If gmid was installed from your distribution package manager,
194 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       chance are that it already does all of this and is also
195 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       providing a service to run gmid automatically (e.g. a systemd
196 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       unit file, a rc script, …)  Otherwise, it’s heavily suggested to
197 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       create at least a dedicated user.
198 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
199 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <h3>A dedicated user</h3>
200 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
201 35340c9f 2021-10-09 op       Ideally, gmid should be started with root privileges and drop
202 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       privileges to a local user.  This way, the created certificates
203 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       can be readable only by root.  For example, on GNU/linux systems
204 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       a ‘gmid’ user can be created with:
205 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
206 35340c9f 2021-10-09 op     <pre># useradd --system --no-create-home -s /bin/nologin -c "gmid Gemini server" gmid</pre>
207 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
208 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       Please consult your OS documentation for more information on the
209 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       matter.
210 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
211 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
212 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       The configuration then needs to be adjusted to include the
213 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       ‘user’ directive at the top:
214 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
215 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <pre># /etc/gmid.conf
216 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op user "gmid"
217 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 
218 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op server "example.com" { … }</pre>
219 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
220 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       gmid then needs to be started with root privileges, but will
221 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       then switch to the provided user automatically.  If by accident
222 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       the ‘user’ is forgotten and gmid is running as root, it will
223 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       complain loudly in the logs.
224 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
225 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <h3>chroot</h3>
226 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
227 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       It’s a common practice for system daemons to chroot themselves
228 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       into a directory.  From here on I’ll assume /var/gemini, but it
229 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       can be any directory.
230 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
231 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
232 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       A chroot on UNIX-like OS is an operation that changes the
233 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       “apparent” root directory (i.e. “/”) from the current process
234 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       and its child.  Think of it like imprisoning a process into a
235 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       directory and never letting it escape until it terminates.
236 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
237 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
238 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       Using a chroot may complicate the use of CGI scripts, because
239 35340c9f 2021-10-09 op       then all the dependencies of the scripts (like sh, perl,
240 35340c9f 2021-10-09 op       libraries…) need to be installed inside the chroot too.  For
241 35340c9f 2021-10-09 op       this very reason gmid supports FastCGI.
242 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
243 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
244 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       The chroot feature requires a dedicate user, see the previous
245 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       section.
246 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
247 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
248 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       To chroot gmid inside a directory, use the ‘chroot’ directive in
249 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       the configuration file:
250 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
251 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <pre># /etc/gmid.conf
252 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 
253 35340c9f 2021-10-09 op user "gmid"
254 35340c9f 2021-10-09 op 
255 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op # the given directory, /var/gemini in this case, must exists.
256 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op chroot "/var/gemini"</pre>
257 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
258 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       Note that once ‘chroot’ is in place, every ‘root’ directive is
259 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       implicitly relative to the chroot, but ‘cert’ and ‘key’ aren’t!
260 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
261 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>For example, given the following configuration:</p>
262 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <pre># /etc/gmid.conf
263 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 
264 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op user "gmid"
265 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op chroot "/var/gemini"
266 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 
267 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op server "example.com" {
268 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 	cert "/etc/ssl/example.com.pem"
269 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 	key  "/etc/ssl/example.com.key"
270 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op 	root "/example.com"
271 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op }</pre>
272 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     <p>
273 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       The certificate and the key path are the specified ones, but the
274 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       root directory of the virtual host is actually
275 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op       “/var/gemini/example.com/”.
276 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op     </p>
277 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op   </body>
278 0111ad5d 2021-10-09 op </html>